- What are the structures of regime politics and party in Taiwan?
- For those main parties, what directions, standpoints, futures of Taiwan they are standing for?
- History of our public election.
- Recent hot issues.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ROC in Taiwan
- ROC was formally established in 1912 by Sun Yat-Sen.
- 228 Incident In 1945 due to the tension between Taiwan-born people and newly arrived mainlanders, economic woes like inflation, and cultural and linguistic conflicts. (number killed range from 18000 to 30000.)
- The new constitutional government moved to Taiwan in 1949 because of military losses in the Chinese Civil War.
- The conflict between North Korea and South Korea in 1950 and Cold War gave KMT an opportunities of relieves because America decided to intervene and dispatched the 7th fleet into Taiwan Traits to prevent the hostilities between Taiwan and mainland China.
- During 1960s to 1970s, Taiwan economy became industrialized and technology oriented. The rapid economic growth was known as Taiwan Miracle, resulting from the fiscal independence from the mainland China, support of US funds and demand of Taiwanese products. In 1970s, Taiwan was economically the second fastest growing state in Asia after Japan and became known as one of The Four Asian Tiger (Along with Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore.)
- Chiang Ching-Kao, the successor of the president Kai-Shek, began to liberalize the political system in the mid-1980s.
- In 1986, the Democratic Progressive Party was formed and inaugurated as the first opposition party in the ROC to counter the KMT.
- Democratic reform continued in 1990s, with Present Lee's re-elected in 1996 in the first direct presidential election in the history of ROC.
- In 2000, Chen Shui-Bien of DPP was elected as the first non-KMT president.
- Polarized politics has emerged in Taiwan with the formation of Pan-Blue Coalition led by KMT, favoring the eventual Chinese reunification and the Pan-Green Coalition led by DPP, favoring an eventual and official declaration of Taiwan independence.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Election in Taiwan
Election in Taiwan refers to the election to choose public officials in charge of the Government of the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan by the public under the principle of universal, fairness, directness and secrecy. ROC is a multi-party state, but there are only a few major parties organized into two factions, which are the Pan-Blue Coalition and the Pan-Green Coalition.
- The president is elected for a four-year term by the people.
- Prior to 2007, the Legislative Yuan (Lifa Yuan 立法院) had 225 members, 168 members elected for a three-year term in multi-seat constituencies, 8 members representing the aboriginals, 41 members elected by proportional representation and 8 members representing the overseas Chinese elected by proportional representation.
- Amid 70% public support, the Legislative Yuan voted 217-1 on August 23, 2004 for a package of amendments to:
1. halve the number of seats from 225 to 113.
2. switch to a single-member district parallel voting electoral system.
3. increase the terms of members from 3 to 4 years, to synchronize the legislative and presidential elections. (It is unclear whether this will be implemented for the next presidential and legislative elections with small parties opposing the move, because it would reduce their chances of getting better results).
Following election schedule and inauguration
| Position | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Legislative Yuan (January) Presidential (March) | None | Local (November) | None | Legislative Yuan (January) Presidential (March) | None | Local (November) |
| President and Vice President | President and Vice President | None | President and Vice President | None | |||
| Legislative Yuan | All seats | None | All seats | None | |||
| Provinces, cities and municipalities | None | All positions | None | All positions | |||
| Position | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Legislative Yuan (February) Presidential (May) | None | Local (December) | None | Legislative Yuan (February) Presidential (May) | None | Local (December) |
| President and Vice President | 20 May | None | 20 May | None | |||
| Legislative Yuan | 1 February | None | 1 February | None | |||
| Provinces, cities and municipalities | None | 25 December | None | 25 December | |||
